What Is Endometrial Resection?
Endometrial resection is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove or thin the lining of the uterus (endometrium). It is primarily performed to treat heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) in women who do not wish to conceive in the future. Unlike a hysterectomy, endometrial resection preserves the uterus while reducing or stopping menstrual flow.
Reasons for Endometrial Resection
Doctors may recommend this procedure for women experiencing:
- Excessive Menstrual Bleeding: When periods are abnormally heavy or prolonged.
- Hormonal Treatment Failure: If medications like birth control pills fail to control bleeding.
- Uterine Abnormalities: Such as polyps or fibroids contributing to irregular bleeding.
- Anemia Due to Heavy Bleeding: Chronic blood loss leading to weakness and fatigue.
This procedure is not recommended for women who plan to conceive, as it may affect fertility.
Step-by-Step Procedure of Endometrial Resection
1. Pre-Procedure Preparation
A doctor performs an ultrasound to examine the uterus.
Medications may be given to thin the endometrium for better results.
2. Anesthesia Administration
The procedure is done under general or local anesthesia to ensure comfort.
3. Insertion of a Hysteroscope
A thin, lighted tube (hysteroscope) is inserted into the uterus through the vagina to visualize the endometrium.
4. Endometrial Removal
Special surgical instruments or energy-based techniques (such as electrocautery, laser, or radiofrequency) are used to remove or destroy the endometrial lining.
5. Recovery and Follow-Up
Patients can go home the same day and resume normal activities within a few days.
Benefits of Endometrial Resection
- Minimally Invasive: No major incisions, reducing recovery time.
- Quick Recovery: Most women resume normal activities within 1-2 days.
- Effective Bleeding Control: Reduces or completely stops menstrual flow in most patients.
- Alternative to Hysterectomy: Preserves the uterus while addressing heavy bleeding.
- Lower Risk of Complications: Compared to major surgeries like hysterectomy.
Who Is a Suitable Candidate for Endometrial Resection?
Women suffering from heavy or prolonged periods affecting daily life.
Those who have completed childbearing and do not wish to conceive.
Patients with non-cancerous uterine conditions such as fibroids or polyps. Women looking for an alternative to long-term hormonal treatments.
Possible Risks and Considerations
- Not Suitable for Future Pregnancy: The procedure affects the uterine lining, making pregnancy difficult and risky.
- Incomplete Bleeding Reduction: Some women may still experience light periods.
- Possible Uterine Perforation: A rare complication where the instrument punctures the uterus.
- Infection or Cramping: Mild discomfort that resolves within a few days.
Endometrial Resection: An Effective Solution for Heavy Periods
FAQs
Many women experience lighter periods, and some may stop menstruating entirely.
Both procedures aim to reduce heavy bleeding, but resection physically removes tissue, while ablation destroys it using energy-based techniques.
The procedure usually takes 30-45 minutes, depending on the method used.
Pregnancy is highly unlikely and can be risky. Birth control is still recommended if pregnancy is not desired.
Most women recover within 1-2 days and can return to work or daily routines quickly.
Conclusion:
Endometrial resection is a highly effective and minimally invasive procedure for women suffering from heavy menstrual bleeding. It offers a quick recovery, long-term relief, and an alternative to more invasive surgeries like hysterectomy. If you are experiencing excessive menstrual bleeding, consult a gynecologist to determine if this procedure is right for you.
